Machine tool



M. H. ARMS MACHINE TOOLS Nov. 3, 1942.

3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 30, 1939 M. H. ARMS MACHINE TOOLS Nov. 3,1942.

3 Sheets-Shea 2 Filed Oct. 50, 1939 IIZZWZW? Nov. 3, 1942. M. H. ARMS2,300,431

MACHINE TOOLS Filed Oct. 30, 1939. 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Nov. 3,1942 mcnms 'roor.

Merton H. Arms, Springfield, Vt., assignor to Bryant chucking GrinderCompany, Springfield, Vt., a corporation of Vermont Application October30, 1939, Serial No. 301,935

16 Claims. (01. 51-3) This invention relates to machine tools and hasfor an object to provide such a machine capable of performing aplurality of different tooling operations. The invention is shownherein, by way of illustration and not of limitation, as embodied in agrinding machine in which different portions of the work may be groundto diiferent contours without requiring any adjustment of the toolsrelative to their immediate supports, there being one grinding wheel ona common carrier' for each of the different contours, and means wherebyany selected wheel may be brought into operative position with relationto the work without interference from any other. The machine illustratedin the accompanying drawings is shown as tooled up for grindingportions' of different tapers on hub members.

Referring to the drawings,

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the machine.

Figures 2 and 3 are detail sections to a larger scale on section lines22 and 3-3 of Figure 1, respectively.

Figure 4 is a detail section on line 4-4 of Fi ure 3 and showing one ofthe grinding wheels in operative position.

Figure 5 is a view somewhat similar to Figure 4, but showing the otherwheel in operative position, a portion of the section being taken online 55 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a detail section on line 36 of Figure 4, showing the wheeltruing mechanism.

The machine as shown is of the general type illustrated in the ArmsPatent No. 2,176,985 granted October 24, 1939, for Grinding machine. Itcomprises a bed I which supports a work support 2. This work support isprovided with a rotary work spindle having a nose 3 and for theparticular work shown this spindle nose has secured thereto a specialwork holder 4. As shown best in Figure 2, this work holder has anannular rim portion 5 which may be secured to the spindle nose 3 as bybolts 3. It is provided with an outwardly extending hub I having anaxial opening to receive a mandrel 8. This mandrel 8 is provided with aflange 9 which may engage the outer end of the hub l and may haveclamped thereto as by a'clamping disk In, a bushing II which surroundsthe mandrel outwardly of the flange 9. This bushing II is externallysplined and is adapted to be pressed into the central splined opening l2of the hub M which is the particular piece of work intended ,to beoperated upon in the embodiment herein shown. This hub has twointernalsurface portions l5 and I3 which it is desired to grind atdifferent angles to the axis of the hub, and either surface may bepresented to grinding relation to its respective grinding wheel byselecting the particular. end of the hub to be positioned the moreremote from the work spindle nose 3. After one of the faces l5 or l3 hasbeen ground, the hub is removed from the work holder, turned end for endand placed back in position thereon so that the other of these surfacesmay be ground.

The two grinding wheels 20 and 2|, the wheel 20 being employed to grindthe face [6 and the wheel 2| to grind the face l5, are carried by theirrespective rotating shafts 22 and 23, both of which are joumaled in atool arm 25 connected to rock about the axis of a supporting bar 26.This supporting bar is arranged for rocking and axial motion, beingsupported in suitable bearings 21 and 28 and being mounted similarly tothe bar l3 shown in my patent hereinbefore mentioned. The arm 25 alsocarries at its upper end the driving motor 30. This motor is shown aspivoted at 3! between ears 32 extending from the arm 25 and supported bygravity with an abutment screw 33 threaded through an ear 34 of themotor casing engaging a suitable abutment 35 on the arm 25. A drivingbelt 38 passing around the motor pulley 31 also passes around a drivepulley 38 connected to the grinding wheel shaft 23, then up about an'idler pulley 33, down around a pulley 40 connected to the grinding wheelshaft 22, and back about an idler 4| to the pulley 31. Thus both of thegrinding wheels are rotated by the same belt drive from the motor pulley31.

The arm 25 is arranged to be supported in either one of two angularoperative positions, in the forward of which the grinding wheel 20 is insubstantial operative position, this being the full line position ofFigure 3, and in the other of which the grinding wheel 2! is insubstantially operative position, this being the dotted line position ofFigure 3. The wheels are thus moved laterally of the work axis into andout of operative positions. In order that the same arm 25 may beemployed inthis machine which is suitable for the machine of the patenthereinbefore mentioned, the shaft 23 and its grinding wheel may bemounted in a bracket which may be secured as by bolts to the forwardface of the main portion of the arm 25.

For control of the feed of the grinding wheel 20 the same mechanism maybe employed as shown in my patent hereinbefore mentioned, thiscomprising a downward and forward extension ll of the arm 23 whichcarries a suitable feed cam plate 59 which may traverse a roller 9| onthe feed shaft 52, but in order that thefeed of the inding wheel 2| mayalso be provided for, this cam member 99 is supported by a bracket 98 tthe lower portion of which is secured butment 84 which may be utilizedwhen the gr ding wheel 2| is in operative position, as will iaterappear. The axial position of the feed /shaft 62 may be determined bythe feed wheel 95, the construction of these parts being identical withthe similar parts shown in my pa'tent/ No. 2,176,985 to which referencehas been made.

When the arm 25 is in its rearward operative position with the grindingwheel 2| operative, the cam abutment 54 is in .the dotted line positionof Figure 3 and rests upon a roller 19 carried by a feed shaft II. Thisfeed shaft is keyed for axial but non-rotating motion in a bushing I2 ina bracket frame member I3. The forward end of the shaft II is threadedas at 14 and passes through a threaded nut member I5 which is keyedwithin the hub of a bevel gear 15, so

that as this gear is rotated the feed shaft 1| is given an axial motion.This gear I6 meshes with a similar gear 11 on a horizontal shaft I8joumaled in the base I of the machine and extended through to theforward face thereof where it has fixed thereto a gear I9. This gear ofthe grinding wheel 2|.

I9 is positioi :d beneath the feed shaft 82 and effective to swing thearm 25 to eilect feed of the grinding wheel 2| when this grinding wheel2| is in operative relation to the work.

The retracted or right hand position of the arm 25 as viewed from thefront of the machine is the same for both grinding wheels, and therocking motion of the arm 25 to change from the angular position whenone wheel is operating to that for the other wheel, is arranged to takeplace when both wheels are retracted. A freely rotatable abutment roller99 mounted for limited vertical motion, is carried by the bracket member45, this roller being arranged to contact with either of two limitingstop track plates 9| and 92. When the roller 99 is in engagement withthe track plate 92, it is held in its rear operative position where thegrinding wheel 2| is operative, while when it is in engagement with thetrackway 9|, the arm 25 is in its forward operative position with thewheel 29 in operative position. This roller 99 may be lifted from itsnormal position, and for this purpose it is carried by a slide 93mounted for vertical motion and carried by a rod 94 retractible in thebracket45. To the upper end of this rod 94 is pivoted a lever 95 whichis fulcrumed on a post 98 projecting upwardly from the top of thebracket 45. The slide 93 and the rod 94 are normally held downwardly, asby the spring 91, having its opposite end seated in sockets 98 and 99 ofthe bracket and the slide 99, respectively.

It will be noted that the arm 25 which carries the grinding wheels isbiased by gravity toward a position with the roller 99 engaging theoperative position. when the arm 25 is in its backward positionwith theroller 99 engaging the limit stop 92, release of the roller 99 bydepressing the .handle 95 will not free the arm 25 for its forwardswinging motion unless the arm 25 is adjacent to its outer limit ofmotion, since at other times the cam 54 is in engagement with or willcontactthe roll I9.

Referring to Figure 5, it will be.noted that the cam abutment 54 has apair of high points I99 and MI. From these high points the cam edgefalls away in one direction to the points I92 and I98 corresponding tothe inclination of the edge On the other side of the high point |9I thecam edge falls away rapidly. The cam edge from the point IN to the pointI93 is that which engages the roll 19 when the grinding wheel 29 isretracted from the work and is in position to be dressed and after thepoint I9I passes out of contact with the roller 19, the arm 25 is heldin its rearward position only by the engagement of the roller 99 on thelimit stop 92. In this position of the parts, depression of the handle95 lifting the roller 99, frees the arm 25 for forward swinging untileither the roller 99 contacts with the limit stop 9| or the cam 99engages the roller 6| of the feed screw 62. The roller 19 engages theother portion of the cam 84 between the high point I99 and the low pointI92 during the active traverse of the grinding wheel on the work, thisslope coupled with the inclination of the wheel edge, causing the wheelto grind the desired taper on the face I9 of the work. When the arm 25is in its forward operative position the limit for which is determinedby the engagement of the roller 99 on the limit ,stop 9|, the camabutment 69 is positioned in operative relation to the feed cam roller5|. This cam 89 has a high point I95 and a low point I96, the slopebetween which engages the roller 9| when the wheel is out of the workand guides it for the truing operation. The grinding operation iscontrolled by the sloping por,

5 tion of the cam from the high point I91 to the low point I99. From thepoint I95 to the outer end of the cam at I99 there is a flat portionwhich bears on the cam roller 9|, except when the cam roller 5| is in asufliciently retracted position so that theroller 99 may reach the limitstop 9I. There is also a flat portion from the point I98 to the oppositeextremity 9 which forms a support for the wheel should it be carried infurther than its normal grinding path. As shown, each of the camelements 69 and. is in two Parts, one of which carries the truingcontour portion, and the other of which carrles the grinding contourportion, but functionally they might be in a single piece.

As shown in Figures 4 and 6, the truing device may be hand controlledinstead of being poweractuated as in my Patent No. 2,167,985hereinbefore mentioned. Preferably each of the faces I5 and I9 of thework are operated upon successively by a roughing and a truing wheel,which are interchangeably secured to their respective shafts 23 and 22.Where this is done the truing tool II5 may take four different positionscorresponding to the two grinding wheels for operating on each of thework surfaces I5 and I5. As shown this truing device is carried by alever II8 mounted for rocking motion on a ball bearing II! on a fulcrumshaft II4. This arm IIIi limit stop 9| and with the grinding wheel 29 inis provided with n ac uating handle II5 havhig ment I23 engageable withany selected of the screws I22 which may be brought into positiontherebeneath by turning the turret I20. Due to the rocking motion of thearm 25, the line of contact between the wheel and the work changes withchanges in the diameter of the grinding wheel and variations indeflection of the machine parts. The height of the contact between thedressing tool and the wheel to produce the proper wheel contour is thuscritical, even though it is possible to correct the wheel contour byproper correction in the contour of that portion of the abutment camtraversed during the truing action. Individual vertical adjustment ofthe truing device for each of the four wheels employed is thus ofconsiderable importance. The arm H6 may be thrown backwardly into theinoperative dotted line position by the opera tor, and is movedforwardly whenever it is desired to true the grinding wheel.

This truing mechanism and mounting per se is not claimed herein as itforms subject matter of a divisional application Serial No. 431,371filed February 18, 1942, for Wheel truing mechamsm.

In operation of the machine, the sleeve II is assembled with the workpiece and then the two are laced in position on the spindle 8, as shownin Figure 2, with either selected end outwardly positioned. The arm 25having been adjusted to the proper angular position to correspond withthe particular face I-or l6 which is presented in grinding position andwith a roughing wheel thereon, is then manipulated to engage and grindfrom the spirit or scope of this invention as defined by the appendedclaims.

I claim:

1. In combination, a .machine bed, a work holder carried by said bed, atool carrier carried by said bedand movable parallel to and laterally ofthe axis of said work holder, a plurality of tools carried by saidcarrier spaced laterally of said axis, means for supporting said carrierin any selected one of a plurality of positions in each of which one ofsaid tools is in cooperative lateral relation to work carried by said.work holder, means for reciprocating said carrierparallel to said axis,and mechanism carried by said bed and individual to each of said toolsto produce a relative lateral feed of its tool with respect to workcarried by said work holder.

2. In combination, a machine bed, a work holder carried by said bed, atool carrier carried by said bed and movable parallel to and laterallyof the axis of said work holder, a plurality of tools carried by saidcarrier spaced laterally of said axis, means for supporting said carrierin any selected one of a plurality of positions in each of which one ofsaid tools is in cooperative lateral relation to work carried by saidwork holder, means for reciprocating said carrier parallel to said axis,and mechanism carried by said bed and individual to each of said toolsto produce a relative lateral feed of its tool with respectto workcarried by said work holder and defining a path of motion of said toolwith respect to the work during the reciprocation of said carrier toproduce a desired contour on the work.

3. In combination, a machine bed, a work holder carried by said bed, atool carrier on said bed, a plurality of tools on said tool carrier,means supporting said holder and carrier for relative motion to presentany selected tool into operative relation to work on said work holder,said holder and carrier being relatively biased to assume relativepositions with one of said tools cation of the grinding wheel beingcontrolled,

for example, by the hydraulic mechanism illustrated in my Patent No.2,176,985. After the rough grinding operation is complete, the wheel isretracted and the machine stopped and the finish grinding wheelsubstituted for the rough grinding wheel. The grinding operation thenproceeds as before until the work is finish ground, after which the arm25 is retracted, the work removed from the spindle 8, reversed end forend, and replaced thereon, whereupon the other grinding shaft with therough grinding wheel thereon is brought into operative relation and thewheel traversed to effect rough grinding of this second tapered facetoits particular angle. After the rough grinding has been accomplished,the arm 25 is retracted, a finish grinding wheel substituted for therough grinding wheel, and the machine then again actuated to finishgrind that particular face of the work. At suitable times the operatormay retract the grinding wheel then in operation and effect a truingpass by extending the traverse away from the work with the truing toolbrought down into operative relation into the position suitable for thatparticular grinding wheel as determined by the setting of the abutmentturret I20.

From the foregoing description of an embodiment of this invention, itshould be evident to those skilled in the modifications that variouschanges and in substantially operative relation to the work, means forreleasably holding said holder and carrier in relation to presentanother of said tools in operative relation to work on said holder, andmeans for each of said selected relative positions for effecting atraversing tooling operation axially of the work by the tool then inoperative relation on work held by said holder.

4. In combination, a machine bed, a work holder carried by said bed, atool carrier on said bed, a plurality of tools on said tool carrier,means supporting said holder and carrier for relative motion to presentany selected tool into operacarrier in relation to present another ofsaid tools in operative relation to work on said holder, means for eachof said selectedrelative positions for effecting a tooling operation bythe tool then in operative relation on work held by said holder,

and means carried by said bed for each tool for effecting a feed of thetool inoperative position relative to the work.

5. In combination, a machine bed, a work holder carried by said bed, amultiple tool carrier mounted on said bed for motion transverse to theaxis of said work holder and biased to a position wherein one of thetool of said carried is in substantially operative transverse relationto work held by said work holder, means producing a relative traversebetween said holder and carrier, means carried by said bed andindividual to each tool for moving said tool carrier in opposition tobiasing direction to effect a feed motion of its tool relative to thework, certain of said feed mechanisms being inoperative when said workholder and tool carrier are in relative retracted traverse positions,and releasable means for holding said tool carrier against motion inbiased direction from said selected tool-operative transverse position,whereby on release of said releasable means when said carrier is in saidrelative retracted positions said carrier may be moved from one toanother of its selective transverse positions.

6. In combination, a machine bed, a work holder carried by said bed, atool carrier carried by said bed and movable parallel to and laterallyof the axis of said work holder, a plurality of tools supported by saidcarrier spaced laterally with respect to said axis, means for holdingsaid tool carrier to present any selected one of said tools intocooperative relation to work carried by said work holder, means forholding said tool carrier against change from the position of saidcarrier in which one of said tools is in operative relation to the workto the position in which another of said tools is in operative relationto the work, and means carried by said bed and individual to each toolfor producing relative feed between such tool and the work.

7. The combination with. a rotary work holder and an arm pivotedsubstantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said holder and amachine bed supporting said holder and arm, of a plurality of toolscarried by said arm for selective positioning opposite to work carriedby said work holder, said arm and tools being biased by gravity to bringone of said tools into substantially operative alinement with work onsaid holder, means for relatively moving said holder and arm operativeposition to permit such swinging of said arm to the other of itsselective positions.

9. The combination with a rotary work holder and an arm pivotedsubstantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said holder andmovable axially thereof, of a pair of grinding wheel shafts journaled insaid arm, a grinding wheel on each shaft for selective cooperation withsaid work holder by the swinging of said arm about its pivot to bringthe selected wheel into operative alinement with the work and then byaxial motion of said arm to traverse the work, a feed mechanism for eachwheel, a pair of cam abutments carried by said arm each for engagementwith its respective feed mechanism for controlling the path of saidwheel as said arm is moved axially, a wheel truing device across whicheither of said wheels may be passed by axial motion of said arm, saidwheel truing device being mounted for movement to an inoperativeposition, selective means defining an operative position for said devicecorresponding to each wheel, said cam abutments each having a dressingcam face controlling the path of the truing pass of the correspondingwheel to cause said wheels to 3 be dressed to the proper contours toproduce the to effect traverse of the work and that tool in operativealinement with the work at any time, a feed mechanism for each toolmounted on said bed for engagement with said arm when its tool is inoperative alinement with the work, said arm being mounted for motionbeyond the range of certain of said feed mechanisms to permitsaid arm tobe turned to change from one to another of said selective positions andinto the control of that feed mechanism corresponding to the positionselected.

8. The combination with a rotary work holder and an arm pivotedsubstantially parallel to the axis of rotation of said holder andmovable axially thereof, of a pair of grinding wheel shafts joumaled insaid arm, a grinding wheel on each shaft for selective cooperation withsaid work holder by the swinging of said arm about its pivot to bringthe selected wheel into operative alinement with the work and then byaxial motion of said arm to traverse the work, a feed mechanism for eachwheel, a pair of cam abutments carried by said arm each for engagementwith its respective feed mechanism for controlling the path of saidwheel as said than is moved axially, one of said cams terminating shortof the axial motion of said arm to permit said arm to be swung to theother selective position when beyond said cam, cooperative, limitingabutments, one on said arm, for normally preventing such swinging motionof said arm, and means for removing one of said cooperative abutmentsfrom desired ground contours of the work effected by the two wheels.

10. The combination with a plurality of grinding wheels, and-means forselectively presenting any one of said grinding wheels in operativerelation to work, of a single truing device for all of said wheels,means supporting said device for motion between an inoperative andoperative positions, means for selectively defining said operativepositions individually in accordance with the requirements of therespective wheels, and means for effecting traverse between thepresented wheel and the work and between the presented wheel and saiddressing tool along contour paths individual to the respective wheelsand independent of the contour path for any other wheel.

11. The combination with a plurality of grinding wheels, and means forselectively presenting any one of said grinding wheels in operativerelation to work, of a single truing device for all of said wheels,means supporting said device for motion between an inoperative andoperative positions, means .for selectively defining said operativepositions individually in accordance with the requirements of therespective wheels, and means for effecting traverse between thepresented wheel and the work and between the presented wheel and saiddressing tool along contour paths individual to the respective wheelsand independent of the contour path for any other wheel and with thecontour paths for dressing independent of the contour paths forgrinding.

12. In combination, a wheel carrier, a plurality of grinding wheelssupported by said carrier, means for supporting said carrier foradjustment to bring any selected one of said wheels into operativeposition, a single truing device for all of said wheels, means forsupporting said device for motion between an inoperative and operativepositions, means for selectively defining said operative positionsindividually corresponding to the adjustments of said carrier, and meansfor effecting traverse between the presented wheel and the work andbetween the presented wheel and said dressing tool along contour pathsindividual to the respective wheels and independent of the contour pathfor any other wheel.

13. In combination, a wheel carrier, a plurality of grinding wheelssupported by said carrier, means for supporting said carrier foradjustment to bring any selected one of said wheels into operativeposition, a single truing device for all of said wheels, means'forsupporting said device for motion between an inoperative and operativepositions, means for selectively defining said operative positionsindividually corresponding to the adjustments of said carrier, and meansfor effecting traverse between the presented wheel and the work andbetween the presented wheel and said dressing tool alongcontour pathsindividual to the respective wheels and independent of the contour pathfor any other wheel and with the contour paths for dressing independentof the contour paths for grinding.

14. The combination with a plurality of grinding wheels and means forrelatively presenting any one of said grinding wheels in operativerelation to work, of a single truing device for all of said wheels,means supporting said device for motion between an inoperative andoperative positions independently determined for each wheel, means forefiecting traverse of the selected wheel relative to said work and tosaid truing device including a template and a follower for traversingsaid template, there being a template for each of said 'wheels, each ofsaid templates having a contour controlling the transverse rela- 15. Incombination, a wheel carrier, a work holder, a plurality of grindingwheels supported by said carrier, means supporting said carrier foradjustment to bring any selected one ofsaid wheels into operativeposition with relation to a work piece on said holder, a single truingdevice for all of said wheels, means supporting said tion of its wheelduring the traverse of the work by said wheel and a contour defining thetrued shape of said wheel when said wheel traverses said truing device.

device for motion between an inoperative position and any selectedoperative position independent for each of said wheels, means for movingsaid wheel carrier to cause traverse and feed of the selected wheel withrelation to the work piece and to the truing device, said moving meansincluding a template independently contoured for each wheel and havingone portion contoured to control the relation between its respectivewheel and the work and another portion contoured to control the shape ofthe wheel as trued by said truing device.

16. In combination, a bed, a work holder carried by said bed, a wheelcarrier, a plurality of grinding wheels carried by said wheel carrier,means supporting said wheel carrier from said bed for adjustment tobring any selected one of said wheels into operative relation to work onsaid work holder, a single truing device for all of said wheels, meanssupporting said device for motion between inoperative and operativepositions, and means for selectively defining said operative positionsindividually corresponding to the several wheels.

MERTON H. ARMS.

